Contextual factors and sporting success: The relationship between birth date and place of early development on the progression of Jamaican track and field athletes from junior to senior level
Autoři:
Eon Campbell aff001; Rachael Irving aff001; Melanie Poudevigne aff002; Lowell Dilworth aff003; Shelly McFarlane aff004; Olusegun Ismail aff005; Janel Bailey aff001
Působiště autorů:
Department of Basic Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica
aff001; Health and Fitness Management, Clayton State University, Morrow, Georgia, United States of America
aff002; Department of Pathology, The University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica
aff003; Caribbean Institute for Health Research, The University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica
aff004; Department of Mathematics & Statistics, The University of Technology, Kingston, Jamaica
aff005
Vyšlo v časopise:
PLoS ONE 14(12)
Kategorie:
Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk:
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0227144
Souhrn
Understanding determinants associated with dropout from sport is important for talent development. This study aimed (i) to determine dropout rates for Jamaican track and field athletes and (ii) to examine contextual factors (i.e., relative age effect and place of development) as potential determinants of junior athletes progressing to the senior level. A sample of 1552 track and field athletes (mean age 18.57±0.41 years) who were finalists at the national high school (junior) championships in Jamaica between 2000 and 2017 were evaluated from the Jamaica Athletics Administrative Association database. The database provided birth date, school attendance and performance results. A retrospective analysis was completed to investigate the relationship between junior and senior successes and dropout rates. Chi-square analyses were conducted to examine the distribution of birth date quartiles based on the selection year. Using the Jamaican census information, the population size of regions where participants attended school were categorized and used as a proxy for athletes’ place of development. Results showed that the majority of the participants did not progress to senior levels (81%). The relative age effect was evident for athletes who progressed to the senior level but was not evident for athletes who did not progress. There was a bias towards participants who attended school in regions with a population size between 5000–29 999. This study illuminates some of the contextual factors that may influence the likelihood of progressing from junior to senior levels which may help to inform talent identification, selection and development in the sport of track and field.
Klíčová slova:
Psychological and psychosocial issues – Schools – Sports and exercise medicine – Census – Sports – Human performance – Running – Jamaica
Zdroje
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