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Dynamic Extreme Aneuploidy (DEA) in the vegetable pathogen Phytophthora capsici and the potential for rapid asexual evolution


Autoři: Jian Hu aff001;  Sandesh Shrestha aff002;  Yuxin Zhou aff003;  Joann Mudge aff004;  Xili Liu aff005;  Kurt Lamour aff006
Působiště autorů: College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China aff001;  Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, United States of America aff002;  College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China aff003;  National Center for Genome Resources, Santa Fe, New Mexico, United States of America aff004;  College of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China aff005;  Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States of America aff006
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 15(1)
Kategorie: Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0227250

Souhrn

Oomycete plant pathogens are difficult to control and routine genetic research is challenging. A major problem is instability of isolates. Here we characterize >600 field and single zoospore isolates of Phytophthora capsici for inheritance of mating type, sensitivity to mefenoxam, chromosome copy number and heterozygous allele frequencies. The A2 mating type was highly unstable with 26% of 241 A2 isolates remaining A2. The A1 mating type was stable. Isolates intermediately resistant to mefenoxam produced fully resistant single-spore progeny. Sensitive isolates remained fully sensitive. Genome re-sequencing of single zoospore isolates revealed extreme aneuploidy; a phenomenon dubbed Dynamic Extreme Aneuploidy (DEA). DEA is characterized by the asexual inheritance of diverse intra-genomic combinations of chromosomal ploidy ranging from 2N to 3N and heterozygous allele frequencies that do not strictly correspond to ploidy. Isolates sectoring on agar media showed dramatically altered heterozygous allele frequencies. DEA can explain the rapid increase of advantageous alleles (e.g. drug resistance), mating type switches and copy neutral loss of heterozygosity (LOH). Although the mechanisms driving DEA are unknown, it can play an important role in adaptation and evolution and seriously hinders all aspects of P. capsici research.

Klíčová slova:

Genomics – Plant pathogens – Genetic loci – Alleles – Genomic library construction – Swimming – Ploidy – Phytophthora


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