HCV genotype profile in Brazil of mono-infected and HIV co-infected individuals: A survey representative of an entire country
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Mariana Fernanda Rodrigues Nutini aff001; James Hunter aff001; Leila Giron aff002; Ana Flavia Nacif Pinto Coelho Pires aff003; Igor Massaki Kohiyama aff004; Michelle Camargo aff001; Maria Cecilia Araripe Sucupira aff001; Adele Schwartz Benzaken aff005; Paulo Abrão Ferreira aff001; Hong-Ha M. Truong aff006; Ricardo Sobhie Diaz aff001
Působiště autorů:
Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
aff001; Wistar Institute–Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
aff002; Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil
aff003; Abbott Molecular, São Paulo, Brazil
aff004; AIDS Health Care Foundation, Global Program, Sao Paulo, Brazil
aff005; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America
aff006
Vyšlo v časopise:
PLoS ONE 15(1)
Kategorie:
Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk:
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0227082
Souhrn
Introduction
To be eligible for government-provided treatment in Brazil, all HCV-infected individuals are required to be genotyped shortly after diagnosis. We describe the HCV genotype (G) profiles by geographic region, gender, age and HIV co-infection.
Methods
We assessed 29,071 genotypes collected from HCV-infected individuals from March 2016 to March 2018 (Abbott Real-Time HCV Genotype). We randomly selected 12,336 samples for HIV co-infection testing using an EIA rapid test kit (TR DPP HIV 1/2 Bio-Manguinhos). Descriptive statistical analyses were performed using R.
Results
Overall, HCV genotype distribution was 40.9% G1A, 30.2% G1B, 23.8% G3, 3.8% G2, 0.7% G4, 0.1% G5 and 0.6% with multiples genotypes. G1A prevalence was 44.4% among males and 35.8% among females. G1B and G2 were more prevalent in older individuals than G1A and G3. G3 was more prevalent in the South region. Of samples tested for HIV co-infection, 15% were HIV+. Median age among HCV/HIV co-infected individuals was 50 years old compared to 57 years old among mono-infected individuals. Distinct HCV genotype prevalence between HCV/HIV co-infected and HCV mono-infected individuals were respectively: G1A 60.6% versus 37.8%, G1B 15.2% versus 32.9%, and G3 18.9% versus 24.7%. G4 was detected among co-infected young men (3.5% versus 0.2% among mono-infected).
Conclusion
The increasing prevalence of G3, as inferred by the younger ages of the HCV-infected individuals, poses an extra challenge with regards to disease progression. Distinct genotypical profiles between HCV mono-infection and HCV/HIV co-infection warrant future research in order to better understand and help mitigate HCV chains of transmission.
Klíčová slova:
Viral pathogens – HIV – Hepatitis C virus – HIV diagnosis and management – Phylogeography – Brazil – Microbial genetics – Co-infections
Zdroje
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