Impaired Systemic Tetrahydrobiopterin Bioavailability and Increased Dihydrobiopterin in Adult Falciparum Malaria: Association with Disease Severity, Impaired Microvascular Function and Increased Endothelial Activation

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Vascular nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability is decreased in severe falciparum malaria and associated with microvascular dysfunction and increased endothelial activation. Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) requires tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) as a co-factor to convert L-arginine to NO, but when BH4 is low, NOS is “uncoupled” and produces superoxide instead of NO. In conditions of increased oxidative stress, BH4 is converted to dihydrobiopterin (BH2) and biopterin (B0): the resulting BH2 competes with remaining BH4 as a competitive inhibitor of NOS, further decreasing NO production. We measured BH4 and BH2 in the urine of adults with severe and uncomplicated falciparum malaria and compared results to those of controls or those with sepsis. There was a significant decrease in urinary BH4 and increase in BH2 in severe malaria compared to uncomplicated malaria, sepsis, and controls, suggesting increased oxidative stress and insufficient recycling of BH2 back to BH4. The BH4/BH2 ratio was associated with increased risk of severe disease, endothelial activation and microvascular dysfunction, likely through impaired NOS function. This additional mechanism of decreased NO in severe malaria suggests that trials evaluating use of adjunctive L-arginine to increase NO in severe malaria may require concurrent therapy to regenerate BH4.

Vyšlo v časopise: Impaired Systemic Tetrahydrobiopterin Bioavailability and Increased Dihydrobiopterin in Adult Falciparum Malaria: Association with Disease Severity, Impaired Microvascular Function and Increased Endothelial Activation. PLoS Pathog 11(3): e32767. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1004667
Kategorie: Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1004667

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