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preLekára.sk / Odborné časopisy / PLOS Pathogens / 2015 - 3

Rhadinovirus Host Entry by Co-operative Infection

English version České info

All viral infections start with host entry. Entry into cells is studied widely in isolated cultures; entry into live hosts is more complicated and less well understood: our tissues have specific anatomical structures and our cells differ markedly from most cultured cells in size, shape and behaviour. The respiratory tract is a common site of virus infection. Size dictates where inhaled particles come to rest, and virus-sized particles can reach the lungs. Rhadinoviruses chronically infect both humans and economically important animals, and cause lung disease. We used a well-characterized murine example to determine how a rhadinovirus enters the lungs. At its peak, infection was prominent in epithelial cells lining the lung air spaces. However it started in macrophages, which normally clear the lungs of inhaled debris. Only epithelial cells expressed the molecules required for virus binding, but only macrophages internalized virus particles after binding; infection involved interaction between these different cell types. Blocking epithelial infection with an antibody did not stop host entry because attached antibodies increase virus uptake by lung macrophages; but an antibody that blocks macrophage infection was effective. Thus, understanding how rhadinovirus infections work in normal tissues provided important information for their control.

Vyšlo v časopise: Rhadinovirus Host Entry by Co-operative Infection. PLoS Pathog 11(3): e32767. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1004761
Kategorie: Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1004761

Souhrn

All viral infections start with host entry. Entry into cells is studied widely in isolated cultures; entry into live hosts is more complicated and less well understood: our tissues have specific anatomical structures and our cells differ markedly from most cultured cells in size, shape and behaviour. The respiratory tract is a common site of virus infection. Size dictates where inhaled particles come to rest, and virus-sized particles can reach the lungs. Rhadinoviruses chronically infect both humans and economically important animals, and cause lung disease. We used a well-characterized murine example to determine how a rhadinovirus enters the lungs. At its peak, infection was prominent in epithelial cells lining the lung air spaces. However it started in macrophages, which normally clear the lungs of inhaled debris. Only epithelial cells expressed the molecules required for virus binding, but only macrophages internalized virus particles after binding; infection involved interaction between these different cell types. Blocking epithelial infection with an antibody did not stop host entry because attached antibodies increase virus uptake by lung macrophages; but an antibody that blocks macrophage infection was effective. Thus, understanding how rhadinovirus infections work in normal tissues provided important information for their control.

Zdroje

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Článek Human CD8 T-cells Recognizing Peptides from () Presented by HLA-E Have an Unorthodox Th2-like, Multifunctional, Inhibitory Phenotype and Represent a Novel Human T-cell Subset
Článek Decreased HIV-Specific T-Regulatory Responses Are Associated with Effective DC-Vaccine Induced Immunity
Článek RSV Vaccine-Enhanced Disease Is Orchestrated by the Combined Actions of Distinct CD4 T Cell Subsets
Článek Concerted Activity of IgG1 Antibodies and IL-4/IL-25-Dependent Effector Cells Trap Helminth Larvae in the Tissues following Vaccination with Defined Secreted Antigens, Providing Sterile Immunity to Challenge Infection
Článek Structure of the Low pH Conformation of Chandipura Virus G Reveals Important Features in the Evolution of the Vesiculovirus Glycoprotein
Článek PPM1A Regulates Antiviral Signaling by Antagonizing TBK1-Mediated STING Phosphorylation and Aggregation
Článek Lipidomic Analysis Links Mycobactin Synthase K to Iron Uptake and Virulence in .
Článek Roles and Programming of Arabidopsis ARGONAUTE Proteins during Infection
Článek Impact of Infection on Host Macrophage Nuclear Physiology and Nucleopore Complex Integrity
Článek The Impact of Host Diet on Titer in
Článek Antimicrobial-Induced DNA Damage and Genomic Instability in Microbial Pathogens
Článek Herpesviral G Protein-Coupled Receptors Activate NFAT to Induce Tumor Formation via Inhibiting the SERCA Calcium ATPase
Článek The Causes and Consequences of Changes in Virulence following Pathogen Host Shifts
Článek Small GTPase Rab21 Mediates Fibronectin Induced Actin Reorganization in : Implications in Pathogen Invasion
Článek Positive Role of Promyelocytic Leukemia Protein in Type I Interferon Response and Its Regulation by Human Cytomegalovirus
Článek NEDDylation Is Essential for Kaposi’s Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Latency and Lytic Reactivation and Represents a Novel Anti-KSHV Target
Článek β-HPV 5 and 8 E6 Disrupt Homology Dependent Double Strand Break Repair by Attenuating BRCA1 and BRCA2 Expression and Foci Formation
Článek An O Antigen Capsule Modulates Bacterial Pathogenesis in
Článek Variable Processing and Cross-presentation of HIV by Dendritic Cells and Macrophages Shapes CTL Immunodominance and Immune Escape
Článek Probing the Metabolic Network in Bloodstream-Form Using Untargeted Metabolomics with Stable Isotope Labelled Glucose
Článek Adhesive Fiber Stratification in Uropathogenic Biofilms Unveils Oxygen-Mediated Control of Type 1 Pili
Článek Vaccinia Virus Protein Complex F12/E2 Interacts with Kinesin Light Chain Isoform 2 to Engage the Kinesin-1 Motor Complex
Článek Modulates Host Macrophage Mitochondrial Metabolism by Hijacking the SIRT1-AMPK Axis
Článek Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 (HTLV-1) Tax Requires CADM1/TSLC1 for Inactivation of the NF-κB Inhibitor A20 and Constitutive NF-κB Signaling
Článek Suppression of RNAi by dsRNA-Degrading RNaseIII Enzymes of Viruses in Animals and Plants
Článek Spatiotemporal Regulation of a T4SS Substrate by the Metaeffector SidJ
Článek Antigenic Properties of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Envelope Glycoprotein Gp120 on Virions Bound to Target Cells
Článek Dependence of Intracellular and Exosomal microRNAs on Viral Oncogene Expression in HPV-positive Tumor Cells
Článek Identification of a Peptide-Pheromone that Enhances Escape from Host Cell Vacuoles
Článek Impaired Systemic Tetrahydrobiopterin Bioavailability and Increased Dihydrobiopterin in Adult Falciparum Malaria: Association with Disease Severity, Impaired Microvascular Function and Increased Endothelial Activation
Článek Transgenic Expression of the Dicotyledonous Pattern Recognition Receptor EFR in Rice Leads to Ligand-Dependent Activation of Defense Responses
Článek Comprehensive Antigenic Map of a Cleaved Soluble HIV-1 Envelope Trimer
Článek Low Doses of Imatinib Induce Myelopoiesis and Enhance Host Anti-microbial Immunity
Článek Impaired Systemic Tetrahydrobiopterin Bioavailability and Increased Oxidized Biopterins in Pediatric Falciparum Malaria: Association with Disease Severity
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PLOS Pathogens

2015 Číslo 3
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Autori: doc. MUDr. David Zemánek, Ph.D., MUDr. Anna Chaloupka, Ph.D.
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