A Polysaccharide Virulence Factor from Elicits Anti-inflammatory Effects through Induction of Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist

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Aspergillus fumigatus is an opportunistic pathogenic fungus that primarily causes infections in the immunocompromised host. It is known that Aspergillus employs various strategies to evade immune recognition by the host's immune system. Recently, galactosaminogalactan (GAG), a new component of the Aspergillus cell wall, was discovered to have potent anti-inflammatory effects in mice making them more susceptible to Aspergillosis. In the current study we found that this anti-inflammatory property of GAG was due to its capacity to induce the potent anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 Receptor antagonist. This cytokine interferes with IL-1 signalling and thereby can reduce IL-1–induced immune responses such as T-cell responses. We also found that the induction of this anti-inflammatory cytokine by GAG correlates with increased fungal burden, and mice deficient for this cytokine were protected against aspergillosis. Additionally, we show that the capacity of GAG to induce the natural regulator of IL-1 signalling could be used in the treatment of IL-1–mediated disease such as allergy and colitis. Our study provides new insights on the immunoregulatory activity of GAG and opens up possibilities to exploit the anti-inflammatory potential of GAG as a therapy for inflammatory diseases.

Vyšlo v časopise: A Polysaccharide Virulence Factor from Elicits Anti-inflammatory Effects through Induction of Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist. PLoS Pathog 10(3): e32767. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1003936
Kategorie: Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1003936

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