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The Complex Contributions of Genetics and Nutrition to Immunity in

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Previous studies have indicated that dietary nutrition influences immune defense in a variety of animals, but the mechanistic and genetic basis for that influence is largely unknown. We use the model insect Drosophila melanogaster to conduct an unbiased genome-wide mapping study to identify genes responsible for variation in resistance to bacterial infection after rearing on either high-glucose or low-glucose diets. We find the flies are universally more susceptible to infection when they are reared on the high-glucose diet than when they are reared on the low-glucose diet, and that metabolite levels genetically correlate with quality of immune defense after rearing on the high-glucose diet. We identify several genes that contribute to variation in defense quality on both diets, most of which are not traditionally thought of as part of the immune system. The genetic variation we observe can be important for evolved responses to pathogen pressure, although the effectiveness of natural selection will be partially determined by the host nutritional state.

Vyšlo v časopise: The Complex Contributions of Genetics and Nutrition to Immunity in. PLoS Genet 11(3): e32767. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1005030
Kategorie: Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1005030

Souhrn

Previous studies have indicated that dietary nutrition influences immune defense in a variety of animals, but the mechanistic and genetic basis for that influence is largely unknown. We use the model insect Drosophila melanogaster to conduct an unbiased genome-wide mapping study to identify genes responsible for variation in resistance to bacterial infection after rearing on either high-glucose or low-glucose diets. We find the flies are universally more susceptible to infection when they are reared on the high-glucose diet than when they are reared on the low-glucose diet, and that metabolite levels genetically correlate with quality of immune defense after rearing on the high-glucose diet. We identify several genes that contribute to variation in defense quality on both diets, most of which are not traditionally thought of as part of the immune system. The genetic variation we observe can be important for evolved responses to pathogen pressure, although the effectiveness of natural selection will be partially determined by the host nutritional state.

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