Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major respiratory pathogen responsible for a high burden of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Current anti-pneumococcal vaccines target the bacterium’s polysaccharide capsule, of which at least 95 different variants (‘serotypes’) are known, which are classified into ‘serogroups’. Bacteria can change their serotype through genetic recombination, termed ‘switching’, which can allow strains to evade vaccine-induced immunity. By combining epidemiological data with whole genome sequencing, this work finds a robust and unexpected pattern of serotype switching in a sample of bacteria collected following the introduction of routine anti-pneumococcal vaccination: switching was much more likely to exchange one serotype for another within the same serogroup than expected by chance. Several hypotheses are presented and tested to explain this pattern, including limitations of genetic recombination, interactions between the genes that determine serotype and the rest of the genome, and the constraints imposed by bacterial metabolism. This provides novel information on the evolution of S. pneumoniae, particularly regarding how the bacterium might diversify as newer vaccines are introduced.
Vyšlo v časopise: Selective and Genetic Constraints on Pneumococcal Serotype Switching. PLoS Genet 11(3): e32767. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1005095 Kategorie: Research Article prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1005095
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