Enhancer Runaway and the Evolution of Diploid Gene Expression

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With the advent of new sequencing technologies, the evolution of gene expression regulation is becoming a subject of intensive research. In this paper, we report an entirely new phenomenon acting on the evolution of gene regulatory sequences. We show that in a small genomic region around genes there is a selection pressure to increase expression, such that stronger enhancers are favored. This leads to an open-ended escalation of enhancer strength. This outcome is not a particular case and we expect it to occur for all genes in nearly all eukaryotic diploid organisms. We also show that this escalation is not stopped by stabilizing selection on expression profiles. Indeed, regulators may coevolve to maintain optimal phenotypes despite the enhancer strength escalation. This widespread phenomenon can significantly shift our understanding of gene regulatory regions and opens a wide array of possible tests.

Vyšlo v časopise: Enhancer Runaway and the Evolution of Diploid Gene Expression. PLoS Genet 11(11): e32767. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1005665
Kategorie: Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1005665

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