Phospholipids Trigger
Capsular Enlargement during Interactions with Amoebae and
Macrophages

English version České info

A remarkable aspect of the interaction of Cryptococcus

neoformans with mammalian hosts is a consistent increase in capsule

volume. Given that many aspects of the interaction of C.

neoformans with macrophages are also observed with amoebae, we

hypothesized that the capsule enlargement phenomenon also had a protozoan

parallel. Incubation of C. neoformans with Acanthamoeba

castellanii resulted in C. neoformans capsular

enlargement. The phenomenon required contact between fungal and protozoan cells

but did not require amoeba viability. Analysis of amoebae extracts showed that

the likely stimuli for capsule enlargement were protozoan polar lipids. Extracts

from macrophages and mammalian serum also triggered cryptococcal capsular

enlargement. C. neoformans capsule enlargement required

expression of fungal phospholipase B, but not phospholipase C. Purified

phospholipids, in particular, phosphatidylcholine, and derived molecules

triggered capsular enlargement with the subsequent formation of giant cells.

These results implicate phospholipids as a trigger for both C.

neoformans capsule enlargement in vivo and

exopolysaccharide production. The observation that the incubation of C.

neoformans with phospholipids led to the formation of giant cells

provides the means to generate these enigmatic cells in vitro.

Protozoan -⁠ or mammalian-derived polar lipids could represent a danger signal for

C. neoformans that triggers capsular enlargement as a

non-specific defense mechanism against potential predatory cells. Hence,

phospholipids are the first host-derived molecules identified to trigger

capsular enlargement. The parallels apparent in the capsular response of

C. neoformans to both amoebae and macrophages provide

additional support for the notion that certain aspects of cryptococcal virulence

emerged as a consequence of environmental interactions with other microorganisms

such as protists.

Vyšlo v časopise: Phospholipids Trigger Capsular Enlargement during Interactions with Amoebae and Macrophages. PLoS Pathog 7(5): e32767. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1002047
Kategorie: Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002047

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