When cells encounter harsh conditions, they face an energy crisis since the stress will reduce their energy production, and at the same time cause extra demands on energy expenditure. To tackle this dilemma, cells under stress form giant agglomerates of RNA and protein, called stress granules. In these, mRNA molecules are kept silent, preventing waste of energy on producing proteins not needed under these conditions. A few mRNAs, encoding proteins required for the cell to survive, stay outside of stress granules and escape this silencing. This mechanism can protect plants and microbes against cold spells or heat shocks, and human cells exposed to oxidative damage or toxic drugs. We have investigated which genes are necessary to form stress granules, and their impact on the stress response. We discovered that mutant cells unable to form stress granules overreacted to stress, in that they produced much higher levels of the induced mRNAs. We think this means that gene regulatory proteins are sequestered inside stress granules, inhibiting their action. Stress granules may thus function as moderators that dampen the stress response, safeguarding the cell against excessive reactions.
Vyšlo v časopise: Stress Granule-Defective Mutants Deregulate Stress Responsive Transcripts. PLoS Genet 10(11): e32767. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1004763 Kategorie: Research Article prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1004763
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