Tuberculosis detection and the challenges of integrated care in rural China: A cross-sectional standardized patient study

1. Wang L, Zhang H, Ruan Y, Chin DP, Xia Y, Cheng S, et al. Tuberculosis prevalence in China, 1990–2010; a longitudinal analysis of national survey data. Lancet. 2014 Jun 20;383(9934):2057–64. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)62639-2 24650955

2. Qin ZZ. Delays in diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis, and patient care-seeking pathways in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis. M.Sc. Thesis, McGill University. 2015.

3. Li Y, Ehiri J, Tang S, Li D, Bian Y, Lin H, et al. Factors associated with patient, and diagnostic delays in Chinese TB patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Med. 2013 Jul 2;11(1):156.

4. China Joint Study Partnership. Healthy China: Deepening Health Reform in China, Building High-Quality and Value-Based Service Delivery. 2016. Available from: http://www.worldbank.org/en/country/china/publication/healthy-china-deepening-health-reform-in-china

5. Yip WC-M, Hsiao WC, Chen W, Hu S, Ma J, Maynard A. Early appraisal of China’s huge and complex health-care reforms. The Lancet. 2012 Mar 9;379(9818):833–42.

6. Sylvia S, Shi Y, Xue H, Tian X, Wang H, Liu Q, et al. Survey using incognito standardized patients shows poor quality care in China’s rural clinics. Health Policy Plan. 2015 Apr 1; 30(3):322–33. doi: 10.1093/heapol/czu014 24653216

7. Das J, Kwan A, Daniels B, Satyanarayana S, Subbaraman R, Bergkvist S, et al. Use of standardised patients to assess quality of tuberculosis care: a pilot, cross-sectional study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2015 Nov 30;15(11)1305–13. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(15)00077-8 26268690

8. Mohanan M, Vera-Hernández M, Das V, Giardili S, Goldhaber-Fiebert JD, Rabin TL, et al. The know-do gap in quality of health care for childhood diarrhea and pneumonia in rural India. JAMA Pediatr. 2015 Apr 1;169(4):349–57. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2014.3445 25686357

9. Leonard KL, Mliga GR, Haile Mariam D. Bypassing health centres in Tanzania: revealed preferences for quality. J Afr Econ. 2002 Dec 1;11(4):441–71.

10. Das J, Mohpal A. Socioeconomic Status And Quality Of Care In Rural India: New Evidence From Provider And Household Surveys. Health Aff. 2016 Oct 1;35(10):1764–73.

11. State Council of China. Guidelines for implementing the national tuberculosis control program in china (2011–2015). 2011. Available from: http://www.gov.cn/gongbao/content/2011/content_2020914.htm

12. Wagstaff A, Lindelow M, Jun G, Ling X, Juncheng Q. Extending health insurance to the rural population: an impact evaluation of China's new cooperative medical scheme. J Health Econ. 2009 Jan 31;28(1):1–9. doi: 10.1016/j.jhealeco.2008.10.007 19058865

13. National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People’s Republic of China. China Health Statistics Yearbook. 2015. Available from: http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/ndsj/2015/indexeh.htm

14. National Bureau of Statistics. China Statistical Yearbook (2015). Beijing: China Statistics Press; 2016.

15. National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People’s Republic of China. Standards of outpatient diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. 2012. Available from: http://www.moh.gov.cn/mohyzs/s3586/201202/54119.shtml

16. National Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, China CDC. Diagnostic criteria for pulmonary tuberculosis (WS 288–2008). 2008. Available from: http://tb.chinacdc.cn/zcfg/dfzcfg/201208/t20120814_66809.htm

17. TB CARE I. International Standards for Tuberculosis Care, Edition 3. 2014. Available from: http://www.istcweb.org

18. Currie J, Lin W, Zhang W. Patient knowledge and antibiotic abuse: Evidence from an audit study in China. J Health Econ. 2011 Sep 30;30(5):933–949. doi: 10.1016/j.jhealeco.2011.05.009 21733587

19. Li Y. China’s misuse of antibiotics should be curbed. BMJ. 2014 Feb 12;348.

20. Wang J, Wang P, Wang X, Zheng Y, Xiao Y. Use and Prescription of Antibiotics in Primary Health Care Settings in China. JAMA Intern Med. 2014 Dec 1;174(12):1914–20. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2014.5214 25285394

21. Hogan CA, Puri L, Gore G, Pai M. Impact of fluoroquinolone treatment on delay of tuberculosis diagnosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Tuberc Mycobact Dis. 2017 Jan;6 : 1–7.

22. Huddart S, MacLean E, Pai M. Location, location, location: tuberculosis services in highest burden countries. Lancet Glob Health. 2016 Dec 1;4(12):e907–8. doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(16)30248-0 27855868

23. Das J., Hammer J., 2014. Quality of Primary Care in Low-Income Countries: Facts and Economics. Annu Rev Econom 6, 525–553.

24. Das J, Hammer J. 2007. Money for nothing: the dire straits of medical practice in Delhi, India. J Dev Econ 83 : 1–36.

25. Leonard KL, Masatu MC, Vialou A. 2007. Getting doctors to do their best: the roles of ability and motivation in health care. J Hum Resour 42 : 682–700.

26. Gertler PJ, Vermeersch C. 2012. Using performance incentives to improve health outcomes. Policy Res. Work. Pap. 6100, World Bank, Washington, DC.

27. Daniels B, Dolinger A, Bedoya G, Rogo K, Goicoechea A, Coarasa J, et al. Use of standardised patients to assess quality of healthcare in Nairobi, Kenya: a pilot, cross-sectional study with international comparisons. BMJ Glob Health. 2017; 2, e000333. doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2017-000333

28. Yip WC-M, Hsiao W, Meng Q, Chen W, Sun X. Realignment of incentives for health-care providers in China. Lancet. 2010 Mar 27;375(9720):1120–30. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60063-3 20346818

29. Wagstaff A, Lindelow M, Wang S, Zhang S. Reforming China’s Rural Health System. The World Bank; 2009.

30. Zhao Y, Xu S, Wang L, Chin DP, Wang S, Jiang G, et al. National Survey of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in China. N Engl J Med. 2012 Jun 7;366(23):2161–70. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1108789 22670902