Late Engagement of CD86 after Influenza Virus Clearance Promotes Recovery in a FoxP3 Regulatory T Cell Dependent Manner

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Influenza A virus (IAV) infection can cause severe inflammation and injury in the respiratory tract, which must be resolved and repaired for the host to fully recover after virus clearance. Evidence is emerging that host immune responses may regulate tissue repair and resolution of inflammation after IAV infection. Early in IAV infection, the co-stimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86 promote inflammation through triggering IAV-specific T cell responses, but no role for CD80/86 in recovery after virus clearance has been previously established. By in vivo antibody-mediated blockade of CD80 or CD86 after virus clearance, we found that engagement of CD86 (but not CD80) was required for optimal recovery after influenza infection. Furthermore, we determined that CD86 was essential for maintaining the FoxP3+regulatory T cell (Treg) population in the respiratory tract, and CD86-dependent Tregs promoted recovery by suppressing pulmonary inflammation and supporting regain of weight after virus clearance. In addition, we demonstrated that Tregs suppress neutrophils late after infection, preventing neutrophils from driving excess inflammatory cytokine release into the airways. Taken together, we propose a novel role for CD86 engagement late after IAV infection to promote resolution of inflammation and host recovery through a Treg-dependent mechanism.

Vyšlo v časopise: Late Engagement of CD86 after Influenza Virus Clearance Promotes Recovery in a FoxP3 Regulatory T Cell Dependent Manner. PLoS Pathog 10(8): e32767. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1004315
Kategorie: Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1004315

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