#PAGE_PARAMS# #ADS_HEAD_SCRIPTS# #MICRODATA#

Are Drug Companies Living Up to Their Human Rights Responsibilities? The Perspective of the Former United Nations Special Rapporteur (2002-2008)


Background to the debate:
The human rights responsibilities of drug companies have been considered for years by nongovernmental organizations, but were most sharply defined in a report by the UN Special Rapporteur on the right to health, submitted to the United Nations General Assembly in August 2008. The “Human Rights Guidelines for Pharmaceutical Companies in relation to Access to Medicines” include responsibilities for transparency, management, monitoring and accountability, pricing, and ethical marketing, and against lobbying for more protection in intellectual property laws, applying for patents for trivial modifications of existing medicines, inappropriate drug promotion, and excessive pricing. Two years after the release of the Guidelines, the PLoS Medicine Debate asks whether drug companies are living up to their human rights responsibilities. Sofia Gruskin and Zyde Raad from the Harvard School of Public Health say more assessment is needed of such responsibilities; Geralyn Ritter, Vice President of Global Public Policy and Corporate Responsibility at Merck & Co. argues that multiple stakeholders could do more to help States deliver the right to health; and Paul Hunt and Rajat Khosla introduce Mr. Hunt′s work as the UN Special Rapporteur on the right to the highest attainable standard of health, regarding the human rights responsibilities of pharmaceutical companies and access to medicines.


Vyšlo v časopise: Are Drug Companies Living Up to Their Human Rights Responsibilities? The Perspective of the Former United Nations Special Rapporteur (2002-2008). PLoS Med 7(9): e32767. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000330
Kategorie: The PLoS Medicine Debate
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000330

Souhrn

Background to the debate:
The human rights responsibilities of drug companies have been considered for years by nongovernmental organizations, but were most sharply defined in a report by the UN Special Rapporteur on the right to health, submitted to the United Nations General Assembly in August 2008. The “Human Rights Guidelines for Pharmaceutical Companies in relation to Access to Medicines” include responsibilities for transparency, management, monitoring and accountability, pricing, and ethical marketing, and against lobbying for more protection in intellectual property laws, applying for patents for trivial modifications of existing medicines, inappropriate drug promotion, and excessive pricing. Two years after the release of the Guidelines, the PLoS Medicine Debate asks whether drug companies are living up to their human rights responsibilities. Sofia Gruskin and Zyde Raad from the Harvard School of Public Health say more assessment is needed of such responsibilities; Geralyn Ritter, Vice President of Global Public Policy and Corporate Responsibility at Merck & Co. argues that multiple stakeholders could do more to help States deliver the right to health; and Paul Hunt and Rajat Khosla introduce Mr. Hunt′s work as the UN Special Rapporteur on the right to the highest attainable standard of health, regarding the human rights responsibilities of pharmaceutical companies and access to medicines.


Zdroje

1. UN General Assembly 11 August 2008 The Right of Everyone to the Enjoyment of the Highest Attainable Standard of Physical and Mental Health: Report of the Special Rapporteur, Paul Hunt. U.N. General Assembly, 63rd Session, Agenda Item 67(b). U.N. Doc. A/63/263. Available: http://www.essex.ac.uk/human_rights_centre/research/rth/index.aspx. Accessed: 23 August 2010

2. MarksS

2006 Health and Human Rights: Basic International Documents. FXB Center for Health and Human Rights

3. UN Human Rights Council 5 May 2009 The Right of Everyone to the Enjoyment of the Highest Attainable Standard of Physical and Mental Health: Report of the Special Rapporteur, Paul Hunt. U.N. Human Rights Council, 11th Session, Agenda Item 3. U.N. Doc. A/HRC/11/12/Add.2

4. HRC11: UK Statement for the interactive dialogue with the SR on Freedom of Opinion and Expression and the SR on the Right to Health. On file with authors

5. [No authors listed] 1998 Right-to-health responsibilities of pharmaceutical companies. Lancet 373 1998

6. ATM 2010 The Access to Medicine Index [2008 and 2010]. Available: http://www.accesstomedicineindex.org/. Accessed 23 August 2010

7. DFID 2005 Increasing people's access to essential medicines in developing countries: a framework for good practice in the pharmaceutical industry. Available: http://www.accesstomedicineindex.org/sites/www.accesstomedicineindex.org/files/publication/dfid_2005.pdf. Accessed 23 August 2010

8. Pharma Futures 2004 The Pharmaceutical Sector: A Long-Term Value Outlook. Available: http://www.pharmafutures.org/sp1.asp. Accessed 23 August 2010

9. The George Institute for International Health 2008 Neglected Disease Research & Development: How Much are We Really Spending? Available: http://www.georgeinstitute.org/sites/default/files/pdfs/G-FINDER_2008_Report.pdf. Accessed 23 August 2010

10. Oxfam 2007 Investing in Life. Available: http://www.oxfam.ca/news-and-publications/publications-and-reports/investing-for-life-meeting-poor-people2019s-needs-for-access-to-medicines-through. Accessed 23 Aug 2010

11. NorrisP

HerxheimerA

LexchinJ

MansfieldP

2005 Drug Promotion: What We Know, What We Have Yet to Learn. WHO and HAI, WHO/EDM/PAR/2004.3. Available: http://www.who.int/medicines/areas/rational_use/drugPromodhai.pdf. Accessed 23 August 2010

12. Access to Medicines Project 2010 About Us. Available: http://www.essentialaction.org/access/index.php?/categories/2-About-Us. Accessed 23 August 2010

Štítky
Interné lekárstvo

Článok vyšiel v časopise

PLOS Medicine


2010 Číslo 9
Najčítanejšie tento týždeň
Najčítanejšie v tomto čísle
Kurzy

Zvýšte si kvalifikáciu online z pohodlia domova

Získaná hemofilie - Povědomí o nemoci a její diagnostika
nový kurz

Eozinofilní granulomatóza s polyangiitidou
Autori: doc. MUDr. Martina Doubková, Ph.D.

Všetky kurzy
Prihlásenie
Zabudnuté heslo

Zadajte e-mailovú adresu, s ktorou ste vytvárali účet. Budú Vám na ňu zasielané informácie k nastaveniu nového hesla.

Prihlásenie

Nemáte účet?  Registrujte sa

#ADS_BOTTOM_SCRIPTS#