A Conserved Peptide Pattern from a Widespread Microbial Virulence Factor Triggers Pattern-Induced Immunity in

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Eukaryotic host immunity to microbial infection requires recognition systems sensing the presence of potential invaders. Microbial surface structures (patterns) or host breakdown products generated during microbial attack serve as ligands for host immune receptors (pattern recognition receptors) mediating activation of immune responses. Microbial pathogens employ, however, host-targeting effector proteins to establish infection, and the efficiencies of microbial pathogen attack and host defense mechanisms determine the outcome of microbe-host interactions. Necrosis and ethylene-inducing peptide 1 (Nep1)-like proteins (NLPs) from bacteria, oomycetes and fungi are cytotoxic virulence factors (effectors) that trigger plant immunity through toxin-induced host cell damage. Here we show that, in addition, numerous NLPs harbor a characteristic 20-mer sequence motif (nlp20) that is recognized by Brassicacae plant species and perception of which confers immunity to infection by bacterial, oomycete and fungal pathogens. Our findings provide evidence that cytotoxic NLPs are virulence factors that trigger plant immunity by pattern recognition and by inflicting host cell damage. We further conclude that NLPs from prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms and from three organismal kingdoms evoke plant defense. Such an exceptionally wide taxonomic distribution of microbe-derived triggers of immunity has neither been reported before from metazoans nor from plants.

Vyšlo v časopise: A Conserved Peptide Pattern from a Widespread Microbial Virulence Factor Triggers Pattern-Induced Immunity in. PLoS Pathog 10(11): e32767. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1004491
Kategorie: Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1004491

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