Buffers Inherent Left/Right Asymmetry Ensuring Symmetric Forelimb Formation

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Externally, the human form appears bilaterally symmetric. For example, each of our pairs of arms and legs are the same length. This external symmetry masks many asymmetries found in internal organs. In most people the heart is found on the left side of the chest. The stomach, liver and spleen are also positioned asymmetrically. The authors of this study demonstrate, using a mouse model, that bilateral symmetry of the arms is not a default, passive state but that mechanisms are in place that ensure symmetrical formation of the left and right limbs. Bilateral symmetry of the arms is achieved by the action of a gene Tbx5 that masks the effects of signals that acted earlier during embryogenesis, many days before limb formation, and imposed asymmetries on the forming internal organs. Maintaining bilateral symmetry of the arms is important for them to carry out their normal functions but this process can go wrong. Holt-Oram syndrome patients have upper limb defects, including shortened arms. Consistently the defects are more severe in their left arm than right. This birth defect is caused by disruption of the TBX5 gene. By linking the action of Tbx5 to symmetrical limb formation, the authors provide an explanation for why Holt-Oram syndrome patients have more severe defects in the left arms than right.

Vyšlo v časopise: Buffers Inherent Left/Right Asymmetry Ensuring Symmetric Forelimb Formation. PLoS Genet 12(12): e32767. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1006521
Kategorie: Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006521

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