Incorporation of tissue-based genomic biomarkers into localized prostate cancer clinics

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Localized prostate cancer (PCa) is a clinically heterogeneous disease, which presents with variability in patient outcomes within the same risk stratification (low, intermediate or high) and even within the same Gleason scores. Genomic tools have been developed with the purpose of stratifying patients affected by this disease to help physicians personalize therapies and follow-up schemes. This review focuses on these tissue-based tools. At present, four genomic tools are commercially available: Decipher™, Oncotype DX^®, Prolaris^® and ProMark^®. Decipher™ is a tool based on 22 genes and evaluates the risk of adverse outcomes (metastasis) after radical prostatectomy (RP). Oncotype DX^® is based on 17 genes and focuses on the ability to predict outcomes (adverse pathology) in very low-low and low-intermediate PCa patients, while Prolaris^® is built on a panel of 46 genes and is validated to evaluate outcomes for patients at low risk as well as patients who are affected by high risk PCa and post-RP. Finally, ProMark^® is based on a multiplexed proteomics assay and predicts PCa aggressiveness in patients found with similar features to Oncotype DX^®. These biomarkers can be helpful for post-biopsy decision-making in low risk patients and post-radical prostatectomy in selected risk groups. Further studies are needed to investigate the clinical benefit of these new technologies, the financial ramifications and how they should be utilized in clinics.

Keywords:
Prostate cancer, Radical prostatectomy, Genetic tools, Decipher, Oncotype DX, Prolaris

Autoři: Marco Moschini ¹; Martin Spahn ²; Agostino Mattei ³; John Cheville ⁴; R. Jeffrey Karnes ^1*
Působiště autorů: Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. ¹; Department of Urology, University Hospital of Bern, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland. ²; Klinik für Urologie, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Luzern, Switzerland. ³; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN, USA. ⁴
Vyšlo v časopise: BMC Medicine 2016, 14:67
Kategorie: Review
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-016-0613-7

© 2016 Moschini et al. Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
The electronic version of this article is the complete one and can be found online at: https://bmcmedicine.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12916-016-0613-7

Souhrn

Keywords:
Prostate cancer, Radical prostatectomy, Genetic tools, Decipher, Oncotype DX, Prolaris

Zdroje

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