Lung disease in newborns

Czech version

Authors: Peter Korček ^1,2; Zuzana Korčeková ¹
Authors‘ workplace: Neonatologická klinika, Ústav pro péči o matku a dítě, 3. lékařská fakulta Univerzity Karlovy, Praha ¹; 3. lékařská fakulta Univerzity Karlovy, Praha ²
Published in: Čes-slov Pediat 2025; 80 (5): 244-251.
Category: Chapters for Specialization in Pediatrics
doi: https://doi.org/10.55095/cspediatrie2025/039

Overview

Korček P, Korčeková Z.Lung disease in newborns

A fundamental prerequisite for the successful postnatal adaptation of a newborn is the onset of spontaneous breathing activity, the replacement of fluid in the lungs with air (lung aeration), the establishment of functional residual capacity, and subsequently the remodeling of the circulatory system. Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) may arise when these adaptive processes are disrupted and is defined as a change in the character and/or frequency of breathing. RDS is one of the most common reasons for admitting newborns to the intensive care unit. For practical and didactic reasons, the causes of respiratory difficulties in newborns can be divided into pulmonary and extrapulmonary. The following overview focuses primarily on pulmonary causes of RDS –⁠ lung disease in newborns.

Keywords:

surfactant – oxygen therapy – respiratory distress syndrome of a newborn – ventilation support

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