#PAGE_PARAMS# #ADS_HEAD_SCRIPTS# #MICRODATA#

Singlehood among Adults with Intellectual Disability: Psychological and Sociological Perspectives


This study aims to examine the phenomenon of singlehood among adults with intellectual disability (ID), using psychological (attachment and intimacy theories) and sociological theories (the selective/adaptation mechanisms) that explain singlehood in the general population. The sample included 56 couples and 40 singles with mild/moderate ID (CA: M = 37.54, SD = 10.90), who responded to a singlehood battery of 10 questionnaires. Contrary to our hypothesis, no differences were found between singles and couples with ID in attachment, intimacy and social emotional skills. However, significant differences were found in attachment to a close figure and in expectations from marriage and a partner, indicating that the singles have unrealistic marriage schemata. All participants expressed a desire to have an intimate relationship and marry. Does society ignore these needs?

Keywords:
Singlehood; Adults with intellectual disability; Psychologic; Sociological perspective


Autoři: Hefziba Vahav 1*;  Hagit Hagoel 2;  Fridle Sara 3
Působiště autorů: Ph. D. student at the School of Education, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel ;  Statistical counselor, Lecturer at the School of Education, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel ;  Associate Professor, Head of ID Majoring Program, Special Education Department, School of Education, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
Vyšlo v časopise: Acta Psychopathologica, 1, 2015, č. 2:12, s. 1-18

Related article at Pubmed, Scholar Google
Visit for more related articles at Acta Psychopathologica
© Under License of Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License
This article is available from: www.psychopathology.imedpub.com

Souhrn

This study aims to examine the phenomenon of singlehood among adults with intellectual disability (ID), using psychological (attachment and intimacy theories) and sociological theories (the selective/adaptation mechanisms) that explain singlehood in the general population. The sample included 56 couples and 40 singles with mild/moderate ID (CA: M = 37.54, SD = 10.90), who responded to a singlehood battery of 10 questionnaires. Contrary to our hypothesis, no differences were found between singles and couples with ID in attachment, intimacy and social emotional skills. However, significant differences were found in attachment to a close figure and in expectations from marriage and a partner, indicating that the singles have unrealistic marriage schemata. All participants expressed a desire to have an intimate relationship and marry. Does society ignore these needs?

Keywords:
Singlehood; Adults with intellectual disability; Psychologic; Sociological perspective


Zdroje

1. Goodwin PY, Mosher, WD, Chandra A (2010) Marriage and cohabitation in the United States: A statistical portrait based on cycle 6 (2002) of the National Survey of Family Growth. National Center for Health Statistics. Vital Health Stat 23 28: 1-45.

2. Poortman AR, Liefbroer AC (2010) Single’s relation attitudes in a time of individualization. Social Science Research 39: 938-949

3. Lahad K (2012) Singlehood, waiting, and the sociology of time. Sociological Forum 27: 163-186.

4. Brown RI (1996) Partnership and marriage in Down syndrome. Down Syndrome Research and Practice 4: 96-99.

5. Mureno JD (2013) Couple therapy and support: A positive model for people with intellectual disabilities. NADD Bulletin V X, 5 article 1.

6. May D, Simpson, MK (2003) The parent trap: Marriage, parenthood and adulthood for people with intellectual disabilities. Critical Social Policy 23: 286-296.

7. Arias B, Ovejero, A, Morentin R (2009) Love and emotional well-being in people with intellectual disabilities. Spanish Journal of Psychology 12: 204-216.

8. Reiter S, Neuman, R (2013) The characteristics the meanings and the implications of a romantic relationship from the point of view of people with intellectual disability who live in a relationship: Comparison between quality of life and self-concept of people who are in a romantic relationship and in a friendship relationship. Beit Dagan: KerenShalem Press (Hebrew)

9. Tsutsumi AA (2009) Sexual health and behavior of mentally retarded pupils in Japan. US-China. Education Review 6: 61-66.

10. Young R, Gore N, McCarthy M (2012) Staff attitudes towards sexuality in relation to gender of people with intellectual disability: A qualitative study.J Intellect DevDisabil 37: 343-347.

11. Bogdan RC, Taylor SJ (1994) The social meaning of mental retardation (Rev. ed) New York: Teachers College Press.

12. O’Brien J, O’Brien CL (1993) Unlikely alliance: Friendship and people with developmental disabilities. In A. Amado (Ed.) Perspective in Community, Lithonia, GA: Responsive Systems Associates (pp. 1-31)

13. Wolfe PS (1997) The influence of personal values on issues of sexuality and disability. Sexuality and Disability, 15: 69-60

14. Bowlby, J (1973) Attachment and loss: Vol. 2. Separation: Anxiety and anger. New York: Basic Books.

15. Bowlby, J (1988) A secure base: Clinical applications of attachment theory. London: Routledge.

16. Hazan C, Shaver PR (1994) Attachment as an organizational framework for research on close relationships. Psychological Inquiry 5: 1-22.

17. Liefbroer AC (1998) Free as a bird? Well-being and family-life attitudes of single young adults. In LA Vaskovics, HA Schattovits (Eds.): Living arrangements and family structures: Facts and norms. 2nd European Conference on Family Research, 12-14 June 1997, Vienna (pp. 99-110) Vienna: Austrian Institute for Family Studies.

18. Mikulincer M, Shaver PR (2011) An attachment perspective on interpersonal and intergroup conflict. In J Forgas, AKruglanski, K Williams (Eds.): The psychology of social conflict and aggression (pp. 19-36) New York: Psychology Press.

19. Schachner DA, Shaver, PR, Gillath O (2008) Attachment style and long-term singlehood. Personal Relationships 15: 479-491.

20. Glidden LM, Billings FJ, Jobe M (2006) Personality, coping style and wellbeing of parents rearing children with developmental disabilities. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research 50: 949-962.

21. Erikson EH (1963) Identity and Development. New York: Norton.

22. Seligman S, Shanok, R (1996) Erikson our contemporary: His anticipation of an intersubjective perspective. Psychoanalytic and Contemporary Thought 19: 339-366.

23. Shulman S (1993) Close friendship in early and middle adolescence: Typology and friendship reasoning. New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development 60: 55-71.

24. Margalit, M (1996) Trends of development in special education: Promoting the coping with loneliness, friendship and sense of coherence. In D. Chen (Ed.): Education towards the twenty-first century (pp. 489-510) Tel-Aviv: Tel-Aviv University, Ramot (Hebrew).

25. Hook MK, Gerstein LH, Gridley, B (2003) How close are we? Measuring intimacy and examining gender differences. Journal of Counseling and Development 81: 462-472.

26. Shachar R, Sharon J (2010) To be singles in Israel: Attitudes of single men and women towards singlehood, marriage and family. Yearbook of Education and Around It. In N Aloni (Ed.). Education and its context (vol. 32, pp. 276-290) Tel-Aviv: Kibbutzim College of Education (Hebrew)

27. Bauminger-Zviely N, Agam-Ben-Artzi G (2014) Friendships in young children with HFASD: friend and non-friend comparison. J Autism DevDisord 44: 1733-1748.

28. Tzuriel D, Hanuka-Levy D (2015) Siblings’ mediated learning strategies in families with and without children with intellectual disabilities. Am J Intellect DevDisabil119: 565-588.

29. Dunn L, Dunn L (1997) Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (3rd edition revised) Circle Pines, MN: American Guidance Service.

30. Bellugi U, Wang, PP (1998) Williams syndrome: From cognition to brain to gene. In G Edelman and BH Smith (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Neuroscience. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science.

31. Finlay WML, Lyons E (2001) Methodological issues in interviewing and using self-report questionnaires with people with mental retardation. Psychological Assessment 13: 319-335.

32. Miller M, Burstow P (2010) Guidance for people who commission or produce Easy Read information. MencapCymru, Wales: Learning Disability.

33. Glanz, I (1989) I am like this and he is like this, comparative self-concept test. Ramat-Gan: Bar-Ilan University (Hebrew)

34. Lifshitz H, Hen I, Weiss, I (2007) Self-concept, adjustment to blindness and quality of friendship among adolescents with visual impairments. Journal of Visual Impairment and Blindness 101: 96-107.

35. Parker JG, Asher SR (1993) Friendship and friendship quality in middle childhood, links with peer group acceptance and feelings of loneliness and social dissatisfaction. Developmental Psychology 29: 611-621.

36. Schutz WC (1978) FIRO-Awareness scale manual. Palo Alto, CA: Grove.

37. Schutz W (1994) The human element: Productivity, self-esteem and the bottom line. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

38. Efrati S (2001) Similarity between spouses in the level of interpersonal needs. MA Thesis. Ramat-Gan: School of Education, Bar-Ilan University (Hebrew)

39. Tolmenz R (1988) Fear of death and attachment styles. MA Thesis. Ramat-Gan: Department of Psychology, Bar-Ilan University (Hebrew)

40. Larson FV, Alim N, Tsakanikos, E (2011) Attachment style and mental health in adults with intellectual disability: Self-reports and reports by careers. Advances in Mental Health and Intellectual Disabilities 5: 15-23.‏

41. Furman W, Buhrmester D (1985) Children’s perceptions of the personal relationships in their social networks. Developmental Psychology. 21: 1016-1024.

42. Heller T, Miller AB, Hsieh K, Stern H (2000) Later life planning: Promoting knowledge of options and choice making. Mental Retardation 38: 395-406.

43. Descutner CJ, Thelen MH (1991) Development and validation of a Fear-of-Intimacy Scale. Psychological Assessment: A Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 3: 218-225.

44. Shulman S, Laursen B, Kalman Z, Karpovsky, S (1997) Adolescent intimacy revisited. J Youth Adolesc 26: 597-617.‏

45. Vilchinsky N (2004) Expectations for marriage among Israeli singles. Paper presented at the seventh scientific conference of the Peleg-BiligCenter for the Study of Family Well-Being. Ramat-Gan: Bar-Ilan University.

46. Division of Persons with ID, Ministry of Welfare (2014) Statistical trends of the population with ID. Jerusalem: Government Press.

47. Wolfensberger, W (2002) Social role valorization and, or versus, empowerment. Mental Retardation, 42: 252-258.

48. Trinke SJ, Bartholomew, K (1997) Hierarchies of attachment relationships in young adulthood. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships 14: 603-625.

49. Barak-Levy Y, Atzaba-Poria N (2013) Paternal versus maternal coping styles with child diagnosis of developmental delay. Research Developmental Disability 34: 204.

50. Lesseliers J, Van Hove G (2002) Barriers to the development of intimate relationships and the expression of sexuality among people with developmental disabilities: Their perceptions. Research and Practice for Persons with Severe Disabilities 27: 69-81.‏

Štítky
Psychológia
Prihlásenie
Zabudnuté heslo

Zadajte e-mailovú adresu, s ktorou ste vytvárali účet. Budú Vám na ňu zasielané informácie k nastaveniu nového hesla.

Prihlásenie

Nemáte účet?  Registrujte sa

#ADS_BOTTOM_SCRIPTS#