Gitelman’s Syndrome
Gitelmanov syndróm
Gitelmanov syndróm patrí medzi hypotenzívne hypokaliemické renálne tubulárne syndrómy. Predstavujeraritné vrodené autozomálne recesívne ochorenie tubulov obličiek, ktoré v roku 1966 po prvýkrát opísal Gitelmanako Bartterov syndróm s určitými odlišnosťami. Je charakterizovaný zníženými hladinami magnézia v plazmea zníženým vylučovaním kalcia do moču. Príčina tohto ochorenia je v porušenej reabsorpcii dôležitých minerálova elektrolytov s následným zvýšeným vylučovaním nátria, kália, magnézia a chloridov močom, čo je spôsobenémutačnou poruchou génu na 16. chromozóme.Tento gén kóduje na tiazidy citlivý Na-Cl kotransportér v distálnomtubule obličiek.V laboratórnom obraze sa zisťuje hypokaliémia, hypomagneziémia, hypokalciúria a metabolická alkalóza.Klinicky sa prejavuje tetanickými kŕčmi, normálnymi alebo zníženými hodnotami krvného tlaku a v detskom vekuaj poruchou rastu.
Klíčová slova:
Gitelmanov syndróm, hypokaliémia, Bartterov syndróm, nátrium-chloridový kotransportér
Authors:
K. Gazdíková; F. Gazdík
Authors‘ workplace:
Ústav preventívnej a klinickej medicíny, Klinika farmakoterapie, Bratislava riaditeľ doc. MUDr. Š. Nyulassy, DrSc.
Published in:
Čes-slov Pediat 2003; (6): 391-393.
Category:
Overview
Gitelman’s syndrome is a hereditary renal disorder with hypomagnesaemia, hypokalaemia and hypokalciuria,distinct from Bartter’s syndrome. As compared to those with Bartter’s syndrome, patients with Gitelman’ssyndrome present at an older age, and they have a milder clinical picture, normal or slightly decreased concentratingability, reduced urinary excretion of calcium, and permanently decreased serum magnesium level. Gitelman’ssyndrome is caused by defective NaCl transport in the distal convoluted tubule and linked to the gene encodingthe thiazide sensitive Na-Cl cotransporter located on chromosome 16q.Replacement of magnesium salt is indicated in treatment of Gitelman’s syndrome. Long-term prognosis interms of maintaining growth, preserving renal function and quality of life are favourable.
Key words:
Gitelman’s syndrome, hypokalaemia, Bartter’s syndrome, sodium chloride cotransporter
Labels
Neonatology Paediatrics General practitioner for children and adolescentsArticle was published in
Czech-Slovak Pediatrics
2003 Issue 6
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