Retinitis Pigmentosa Sine Pigmento Masquerading as Normal-Tension Glaucoma. A Case Report
Retinitis pigmentosa sine pigmento maskovaná ako normotenzný glaukóm. Kazuistika
Cieľ: Cieľom tejto publikácie je poukázať na diagnostické úskalia pri odlišovaní retinitis pigmentosa sine pigmento (RPSP) od normotenzného glaukómu (NTG).
Kazuistika: 71-ročný pacient bol 10 rokov liečený dvojkombináciou lokálnych antiglaukomatík pre NTG, ktorý bol diagnostikovaný na základe bledého terča zrakového nervu, exkavácie c/d 0,5, normálneho vnútroočného tlaku a výpadkov v zornom poli. Počas sledovania sa u neho rozvinula progresívna nyktalopia, zúženie zorného poľa a výrazný pokles zrakovej ostrosti z 1,0 na 0,1. Multimodálne zobrazovacie metódy, vrátane fundus autofluorescencie (FAF), optickej koherentnej tomografie (OCT) a perimetra, preukázali degeneráciu fotoreceptorov, ktorá nekorelovala s glaukómovou optickou neuropatiou. Genetické vyšetrenie identifikovalo dva heterozygotné varianty v géne USH2A: jeden známy patogénny variant (c.11864G>A) a jeden nový variant (c.12544A>G). Na základe týchto vyšetrení a absenciu degenerácii typu kostných buniek na sietnici bola diagnostikovaná RPSP.
Záver: Tento prípad poukazuje na riziko zámeny RPSP s NTG pre prekrývajúce sa klinické znaky a zdôrazňuje nevyhnutnosť komplexného multimodálneho vyšetrenia vrátane FAF, OCT, elektroretinografie, perimetrie a genetického testovania pre správnu diagnostiku a manažment.
Klíčová slova:
misdiagnóza – retinitis pigmentosa sine pigmento – normotenzný glaukóm
Authors:
Zuzana Šulavíková Anwarzai
Authors‘ workplace:
Eye clinic, Faculty hospital Trenčín, Slovakia
Published in:
Čes. a slov. Oftal., 82, 2026, No. Ahead of Print, p. 1-6
Category:
Case Report
doi:
https://doi.org/10.31348/2026/14
Overview
Aim: The aim of this publication is to highlight the diagnostic pitfalls in differentiating retinitis pigmentosa sine pigmento (RPSP) from normal-tension glaucoma (NTG).
Case Report: A 71-year-old patient was treated for 10 years with topical dual antiglaucoma therapy for NTG, which had been diagnosed based on optic disc pallor, a cup-to-disc ratio of 0.6, normal intraocular pressure, and visual field defects. During the course of subsequent monitoring, the patient developed progressive nyctalopia, concentric visual field constriction, and a marked decline in visual acuity from 1.0 to 0.1. Multimodal imaging, including fundus autofluorescence (FAF), optical coherence tomography (OCT), and perimetry, demonstrated photoreceptor degeneration that did not correlate with glaucomatous optic neuropathy. Genetic testing identified two heterozygous variants in the USH2A gene: one known pathogenic variant (c.11864G>A) and one novel variant (c.12544A>G). Based on these findings and the absence of typical bone spicule pigmentation on fundus examination, a diagnosis of RPSP was determined.
Conclusion: This case underscores the risk of misdiagnosing RPSP as NTG due to overlapping clinical features, and emphasizes the necessity of comprehensive multimodal evaluation, including FAF, OCT, electroretinography, perimetry, and genetic testing, in order to ensure accurate diagnosis and appropriate management.
Keywords:
normal tension glaucoma – misdiagnosis – retinitis pigmentosa sine pigmento
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Czech and Slovak Ophthalmology
2026 Issue Ahead of Print
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